The purpose of the present paper is to compare features of career development and fandom in frequent festival attendance in the context of Finnish music festivals. Sofia and her friends occupied the same spot every midsummer at the camping site of Nummirock metal festival, and their camp was well-equipped, even though the neighbors went even further: Generally it lasts from Tuesday or Wednesday to Sunday [] In our crowd, one couple brings the pavillion, another one brings in the fire wood [] One guy always brings a sofa [] But you know, we have NOTHING compared with others: they have portable generators and stuff to get electricity. Specifically, it outlines: 1. This is apparent particularly in the context of large rhythm music festivals (Nordvall and Heldt, 2017; Kinnunen et al., 2019a). 6 No. Statista offers daily infographics about trending topics, covering:Economy & Finance, Politics & Society, Tech & Media, Health & Environment, Consumer, Sports and many more. Location: Del Mar, California. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. Luonila, M. and Johansson, T. (2015), The role of festivals and events in the regional development of cities cases of two Finnish cities, Event Management, Vol. Are you interested in testing our business solutions? Based on music festival demographics, their average age is 32, and they are more likely to be male (59%) than female (41%). Hurmerinta-Peltomki, L. and Nummela, N. (2006), Mixed methods in international business research: a value-added perspective, Management International Review, Vol. Furthermore, a frequent festival attendee was aware that one had to be both relaxed and patient at festivals. 131 0 obj <> endobj xref The most important theoretical contribution is that according to our findings in frequent festival attendance, both festival career development and festival fandom are most clearly present in motivation development and social dimensions. Linking social capital, cultural capital and heterotopia at the folk festival, Journal of Comparative Research in Anthropology and Sociology, Better together: social connections mediate the relationship between fandom and well-being, Social constructions of value: marketing considerations for the context of event and festival visitation, Ideological, Social and Cultural Aspects of Events, Customer-to-customer co-creation practices in tourism: lessons from customer-dominant logic, Defining and designing mixed research synthesis studies, Music preferences, personality style, and developmental issues of adolescents, Heavy metal figurations: music consumption, subcultural control and civilizing processes, Does Gender Influence Online Survey Participation? ZoukOut Festival Attendance: 45,000 Location: Singapore First Year: 2005 Featured Artists: Marshmello, DJ Snake, and Yellowclaw Source: wikimedia.org Lashua, B., Spracklen, K. and Long, P. (2014), Introduction to the special issue: music and tourism, Tourist Studies, Vol. Theyll fly to a show, get paid six figures, fly home, Bahl says. Schwartz, K.D. Frequent festivalgoers socialised at festivals, but not only with friends since they also made new friends at festivals, as Pekka illustrated: We got acquainted in Denmark [Roskilde Festival] with four Finnish girls: It was awfully crowded there and they didnt find any place to camp. 0000000016 00000 n 19 No. Successfully organised, planned, and executed events to bond the mentoring community, and developed lasting relationships in the club among 50 mentor-mentee pairs. If you are an admin, please authenticate by logging in again. Lamont et al. 77-101. 39 No. Dr Mervi Luonila (DMus in Arts Management) works as Senior Researcher in the Center for Cultural Policy Research, Cupore. Fandom entails an emotional relationship towards the object of fandom that will be called fan interest from now on. Most successful worldwide music tours of all time as of November 2019, based on gross revenue (in million U.S. dollars) Highest grossing festivals worldwide in 2019 Highest grossing festivals. The record was verified by a . Thus, familial responsibilities were minimal for them. Accessed March 01, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1101275/largest-uk-music-festivals/, Statista. The positive attitude was necessary, for instance, if the weather was not so good like Anna illustrated: If it's raining, I'm the one who thinks that I have to cheer up the folks (laugh).. Webster, E. and McKay, G. (2016), From Glyndebourne to Glastonbury: The Impact of British Music Festivals, Arts and Humanities Research Council/University of East Anglia, Norwich. Audiences are keen to connect to the artist, he says. 0000008034 00000 n Pitts, S.E. Additionally, frequent festivalgoers' personal and psychological connection to music and festivals was on the level of attachment or allegiance (Funk and James, 2001), urging them in particular to commit to live music events and festivals. In the literature review, first the history of travel and event career developments is introduced, followed by the conceptualization of musical fandom. Funk, D.C. and James, J. (2015) (see also Kinnunen et al., 2020). 16 No. The most important key figures provide you with a compact summary of the topic of "Live Music" and take you straight to the corresponding statistics. Larsen et al. To use individual functions (e.g., mark statistics as favourites, set Klaic, D. (2014), Festivals in Focus: Contemporary European Case-Studies and Perspectives, Goodfellow, Oxford. A MannWhitney U-test showed that there were statistically significant differences (p0.01) in all statements' scores between the attendance frequency groups, except in the item Music often creates strong emotions in me (Table 3). The 2019 conference was based on the theme of 'Non-Communicable Diseases: A Crisis in Slow Motion', where delegates were given the . (2020), Ironic festival brand co-creation, Journal of Business Research, Vol. Today we'll learn some cool facts about 10 of the largest EDM festivals in the world and rank them by their average daily attendance. (2019a), Segmentation of music festival attendees, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, Vol. Awareness and attraction describe a casual spectator whereas attachment and allegiance are more related to fandom. 4, pp. renato's palm beach happy hour Uncovering hot babes since 1919. Los Angeles, California, United States. Live Nation also controls, or partially controls, festivals like Lollapalooza and Austin City Limits, among several dozen others. Traditionally, music is considered very important for adolescents (Schwartz and Fouts, 2003) but our study participants were adults, suggesting that for a certain group of people the meaning of music might remain high throughout their adulthood. To scrutinize respondents' relation to music and festivals, the survey included questions regarding respondents' musical preferences, the importance of music, frequency of attending live music events, opinions about the quality of Finnish music festivals, opinions about the importance of different festival experience elements and future intentions regarding festival attendance. 5, pp. Taking second place with an attendance of about 2.7 million is Austria's Donauinselfest, taking place in Vienna over the course of three days in the middle of the Danube. statistic alerts) please log in with your personal account. Lollapalooza has seen an international audience from an average of 15 countries, while the CMA Music Festival brings in fans from four outside nations. Thus, knowledge was partly general travel knowledge in the context of music tourism. Of the 20 shows the Offspring is playing the remainder of this year, about 15 are at music festivals. Kinnunen, M., Homi, H. and Honkanen, A. 97-113. There is a scarcity of research scrutinizing both career development and fandom in the festival context within the same study (Kim, 2004; Mackellar, 2009). Additionally, she conducts her post-doctoral research project in UNIARTS Helsinki, focusing on the network management of arts productions. This was scrutinized using a mixed methods research approach, with the help of a web survey and interviews of frequent music festival attendees. and Lee, U.-I. Music itself has changed, as well, making festivals a bigger attraction for listeners. This leads to changes in motivations for participation, like in the event travel career, most probably towards social benefits and well-being. Large corporate live music promoters, such as Live Nation or AEG Live, have, in recent years, acquired hefty controlling stakes in some of the countrys biggest festivals. 208-224. However, these fans did not try to meet their idols in person. internet, telecommunications and consumer electronics : A Record-Linkage Analysis of University Faculty Online Survey Response Behavior, Amateurs, Professionals, and Serious Leisure, Finnish Composers' Copyright Society Teosto, The social rhythm of the rock music festival, This Woman's Work: Kate Bush, Female Fans and Practices of Distinction, From Glyndebourne to Glastonbury: The Impact of British Music Festivals, Arts and Humanities Research Council/University of East Anglia, Emotion, memory and re-collective value: shared festival experiences, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. and Burland, K. (2013), Listening to live jazz: an individual or social act?, Arts Marketing: An International Journal, Vol. 2, pp. Scotland reported the biggest jump in music tourists, up 38% year-on-year to. Using several examples, our study demonstrates the importance of social dimensions in music festival attendance, revealing the role of the frequent festivalgoers as important and potential actors in the production processes of festivals and the development activities in the networked production contexts. Both quantitative and qualitative data and methods were used in the study. As a Premium user you get access to background information and details about the release of this statistic. 0000010543 00000 n Accessed March 01, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1139010/festival-and-events-attendance-canada/, Elevent. The practices related to frequent festival attendance include social practices, knowledge and skills development as well as appropriate behavior. The respondents who indicated their gender as other and do not want to answer were dropped out of the analysis due to their low number. The sense of community is related to a festival-specific liminoid zone that is restricted by space and time (Getz, 2007). The evolution of active-sport-event travel careers, Tramps like us: Music and Meaning Among Springsteen Fans, Examining the festival attributes that impact visitor experience, satisfaction and re-visit intention, Sport fan attachment and the Psychological Continuum Model: a case study of an Australian football league fan, Understanding Fandom: An Introduction to the Study of Media Fan Culture, Popular Music Fandom: Identities, Roles and Practices. The 2019 edition touted as the most expensive production (organisers decline to confirm exact figures), welcomed 400,000 visitors over two weekends and featured over 1000 artists in 18 stages . Nordvall, A. and Heldt, T. (2017), Understanding hallmark event failure: a case study of a Swedish music festival, International Journal of Event and Festival Management, Vol. Self-control included knowing when to drink and eat to avoid the need to go to the toilet in the middle of the best performance. Mackellar, J. %PDF-1.7 % Future of the arts festivals: do the views of managers and attendees match? They were fans of a certain musical genre or artist, but most of all, they were fans of music festivals to consume and experience music. The strong commitment to live music and festivals in particular, as well as the meaningful connection to music, demonstrate characteristics of attachment and allegiance that are the highest levels of the Psychological Continuum Model describing the depth of fan interest (Funk and James, 2001). Jones (2015) saw a postmodern music festival fan as a musical nomad who enjoyed the festival experience in general, not specific music per se. Aggregate Attendance: 750,000. Director (Community) The Mentoring Circle. Knowledge, on the other hand, was an essential part of music fandom but it was not present in music festival fandom in the same way as in artist or genre fandom, where knowledge was tested and sometimes even a prerequisite for respect and approval from other fans (Sinclair and Dolan, 2015). (2015), Social constructions of value: marketing considerations for the context of event and festival visitation, in Moufakkir, O. and Pernecky, T. (Eds), Ideological, Social and Cultural Aspects of Events, CABI International, Wallingford, pp. You need at least a Starter Account to use this feature. Due to varying update cycles, statistics can display more up-to-date Both quantitative and qualitative analysis attested that frequent festivalgoers were heavy users of live music. The idea was based on Maslow's (1954) hierarchy of needs, stating that as travel experience accumulates, the higher order needs become involved. The origins of music festivals date back to ancient Greece, where such events often involved competitions in music, arts and sports. doi: 10.1080/14775085.2020.1822199. Big Performer: Ziggy Marley. Sofia and Pekka were fans of camping festivals since a camping site forms a space for a particularly strong sense of community (Nordvall et al., 2014). daily and featuring the latest statistics from the media, R(W@&!I9oOf]Oz}8QP{0voy}fs' UTo/o2O.b3R16A\vdK0|}|lgb1xMpZxoKwZ0t}V`hN56TxQ`Ir@c=mC>yNbMUR;-P-cQ8+&} +0?x 8dD*>A)2Tk5dD)a$-S-v7%B[N_g:]#$)=g& '5khc'nSoZH#B|n rE"I 6iE0|E#13}Ai\s, uFzE`ba~]H~)%2#X*b34"Qtb6Eg7Z^J#C}z%J@)' g]%NJ;U?$Aj'2:%crp + (kZm>f{JOx3Cc1yXm0^521249R"+4xIDZM The other survey sample bias was towards female respondents since women tend to answer more eagerly research surveys (Smith, 2008). A non-profit, Newports proceeds are sent to the Newport Festivals Foundation and to charity. Bolderman, L. and Reijnders, S. (2017), Have you found what you're looking for? 3, pp. (Australia Council for the Arts, 2010; Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2007). There were some changes in motivations found in the participation data collected; mostly this was related to motives like the search for novelty. Frequent music festival attendance is a demonstration of festival fandom including fandom-related practices, part of which are present also in the event travel career model as discussed next. Frequent festivalgoers' knowledge and skills development comprised planning, self-control and using accumulated knowledge about festivals. The main limitation of the study was the voluntary response sample used for the survey. We stuck to our own blueprint and we havent changed a whole lot, he says. Looking at the unique number of booked artists, the distribution is similar: out of 9,651 booked artists, 36.3% are Electronic, 16.0% Rock, 12.7% Pop and 11.5% Hip Hop. 4, pp. Gardner, 2004). The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Worldwide music tour gross revenues 2011-2020, Number of music tour tickets sold worldwide 2011-2020, Leading music promoters worldwide 2020, by number of tickets sold, Highest grossing music tour each year in North America 2000-2021, Music industry revenue worldwide from 2012 to 2023 (in billion U.S. dollars), Music tour gross revenues from 2011 to 2020 worldwide (in billion U.S. dollars), Most successful music tours worldwide 2021, Most successful music tours worldwide in 2021, based on average gross revenue per show (in million U.S. dollars), Highest grossing worldwide music tours of all time 2019, Most successful worldwide music tours of all time as of November 2019, based on gross revenue (in million U.S. dollars), Highest grossing festivals worldwide in 2019, Highest grossing festivals worldwide in 2019 (in million U.S. dollars), Number of music tour tickets sold from 2011 to 2020 worldwide (in millions), Average worldwide music tour admission price 2011-2019, Average ticket price for music tour concert admission from 2011 to 2019 worldwide (in U.S. dollars), Number of tickets sold for the highest grossing music festivals worldwide 2019, Number of tickets sold for the highest grossing music festivals worldwide in 2019 (in 1,000s), Leading music promoters worldwide in 2020, by number of tickets sold (in millions), The most successful music tours in North America in 2021, Most successful music tours in North America in 2021, based on gross revenue (in million U.S. dollars), Highest grossing music tour each year in North America from 2000 to 2021 (in million U.S. dollars), Most successful music tours in North America 2021, based on ticket sales, Most successful music tours in North America in 2021, based on ticket sales, Music sponsorship spending in North America 2010-2018, Music sponsorship spending in North America from 2010 to 2018 (in billion U.S. dollars), Canada: total music market revenue 2011-2020, Total music market revenue in Canada from 2011 to 2020 (in million Canadian dollars), Countries with the smallest music product sales per capita worldwide 2018, Countries with the smallest music product sales per capita worldwide in 2018 (in U.S. dollars)*, Quarterly spending of U.S. household on plays, theater, opera, and concerts 2013-2021, Average quarterly expenditure on plays, theater, opera, and concerts per consumer unit in the United States from 2013 to 2021 (in U.S. dollars), Share of parents taking children to a live music event U.S. 2018. Suomi, K., Luonila, M. and Thtinen, J. Fandom, on the other hand, includes a personal relationship with the fan interest, a collective identity with other fans (see Cavicchi, 1998; Duffett, 2013; Hill, 2016), acquisition of knowledge about the fan interest, as well as a specific code of conduct within the fan community (Jones, 2000). They used to be more of a communion of culture, says Carlos Chirinos, a professor of clinical music and global health at New York University. In numerous event motivation studies (see review by Li and Petrick, 2006), interests towards program, artists and atmosphere have been identified, but not the phenomenon of festival fandom per se. This means that live music is an essential part of a frequent festivalgoer's life, like for Tiina who summarizes that I see the Finnish musical scene (laugh) so that the summer is predominantly the festival season and the winter is the time for club gigs and concerts. 4 No. Quinn, B. and Wilks, L. (2016), Linking social capital, cultural capital and heterotopia at the folk festival, Journal of Comparative Research in Anthropology and Sociology, Vol. Attendance: 125,000 people. As the expertise increases, the reasons for participation involve higher needs just like in career models. Benefits like enjoyment and pleasure were gained from attendance, also well-being and getting energy for everyday challenges through social festival experiences (see also Meretse et al., 2016). For instance, the fans of heavy metal music tend to be very loyal metal festival attendees due to the music and like-minded participants (Kinnunen et al., 2019a), nurturing genre-based music tourism (Lashua et al., 2014). Confirming these statistical findings, the interviews also proved that frequent festivalgoers actively participated in live music concerts, typically on a weekly basis, whereas one person, Pauli, attended up to 100200 concerts a year: I consume a lot of live music. During the pandemic . (2010), The event-tourist career trajectory: a study of high-involvement amateur distance runners, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, Vol. You can only download this statistic as a Premium user. Greene, J. and Shankar, A. Social practices in festivals include not only social interactions but also collective actions like dancing and singing along. The profile characteristics are in line with previous research conducted at Finnish music festivals (Kinnunen, 2018; Kinnunen et al., 2019a). It is important to note that these studies are related to being an active sports participant (not a spectator); that is, a runner, cyclist and so on. N3C1,%8Q(Vp. 6 No. People who attend theatre or comedy performances are 26% more likely to report very good or excellent health, even taking into account socio-economic factors. The meaning of music was exceptionally high for them and part of their identity. 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